Mark Hoefer
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colarado at Boulder
Dispersive shock waves in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Wednesday 7th September 14:05-14:55pm,
Carslaw Building Room 373.
A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a quantum fluid that can give
rise to interesting nonlinear dynamics. Recent experiments by Eric
Cornell's BEC group at JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder,
showcase a BEC that exhibits behavior apparently similar to that of a
shock wave in a compressible gas, eg. traveling fronts with steep
gradients. However, the governing Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation that
describes the mean field of a BEC admits no dissipation hence, based
on this theory, classical shock solutions should not exist. Instead,
gas dynamics with small, positive dispersion is considered and it is
shown that weak dispersion is a mechanism for the generation of a
novel kind of shock wave. Computations with the GP equation are
compared to those from dissipative gas dynamics and to direct
experiment. The analytical structure of the canonical 1D dispersive
shock problem is explained. The results indicate that these steep
gradients correspond to dispersive shock waves and that the sharp
fronts can be viewed as slowly modulated trains of gray solitons.
Fundamental differences between the dynamics of dispersive shocks and
classical shocks, such as shock speed and shock interaction are
elucidated.
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